palmer weather 01 April 1989 to present Daily and monthly average weather (air temperature, pressure, winds, sky and precipitation) for Palmer Station from four observations a day. a)daily average from four observations per day b)monthly average from once per day Electronic from Palmer station via internet. Four weather observations are done each day at: 0000UTC,)600 UTC, 1200UTC and 1800 UTC. This data is transmitted on VHF to B.A.S. Faraday Station for entry into the GTS data stream as part of the World Meteorological Observation network. The entries/parameters are derived from Meteorological Form 1-10. 1. Temperature High/Temperature Max. At 1200 UTC and 0000 UTC, Max and Min Temperatures are taken using two precision thermometers. The Max Temp. is the highest temperature observed from these two Obs. These two Thermometers are independent from our other temperature instruments and are reset after the 1200 UTC and 0000 UTC Weather ob. 2. Temperature Low/Temperature Min. The lowest temperature observed from the two thermometers at the 1200 UTC and 0000 UTC Weather obs. 3. Temperature Average. The average of these two Temperatures. 4. Station Pressure High/Barograph High. The highest pressure observed during a twenty-four period, recorded on a Belfort microbarograph. 5. Station Pressure Low/Barograph Low. The lowest pressure observed in a twenty four Hour period, on a Belfort Micobarograph. 6. Station Pressure Average. The average of these two Readings. 7. Wind Speed Peak Knots. The Highest wind gust observed in a twenty-four hour period, on a Bendix Model 141-1 Wind Chart Recorder. Our Anemometer/Wind Bird is on the top of the Bio-Lab Bldg. 8. Wind Speed Direction Degrees. Taken from the Bendix Model 141-1 Wind Chart Recorder. North is Magnetic North. True North = Mangnetic North +20degreees Reporting changes to True North 22dec94. 9. Wind Speed Average Knots. An Average of the wind speed observed during the four daily weather obs taken from The form 1-10. 10. Wind Speed Direction Pts. The prevailing wind direction for a twenty-four hour period, taken from the Bendix Model 141-1 Wind Chart Recorder. 11. Sky Tenths. The average of the cloud cover, during a twenty-four period. This is also derived from the Four Weather obs from the form 1-10. 12. Precipitation Melted MM. Precipitation that falls into a rain bucket. The weight of the bucket is known. the bucket is weighed on a triple beam scale for grams of moisture. The grams are then divide by twenty-eight to arrive at MM precipitation. This is done every weather ob., if there is precip. The total of the precip. for a twenty four hour period is recorded. 13. Precipitation Solid. There are three areas that I measure snowfall from, at BIO-LAB. I use a ruler and measure in MM's. I Take three readings and then average the measurement of the three. This is done at every weather ob, if there is Precip. This is also totaled, for a twenty four hour period and derived from the weather obs. and the form 1-10's. 14. Precipitation Stake. The measurement of a snow stake in Centimeters. This reading is taken at 1700 UTC only. 15. Sea Ice. The Sea Ice Observation, Taken at 1800 UTC and Passed to B.A.S. Faraday Station. The rest of the parameters are made in a Quatro program and just averaged and/or totaled. Palmer Station precip(mm) year melt solid 1990 519 383 1991 453 419 1992 858 472 1993 1043 467 1994 721 316 Precipitation Melted MM. Precipitation that falls into a rain bucket. The weight of the bucket is known. the bucket is weighed on a triple beam scale for grams of moisture. The grams are then divide by twenty-eight to arrive at MM precipitation. This is done every weather ob., if there is precip. The total of the precip. for a twenty four hour period is recorded. Precipitation Solid. Take three readings and then average the measurement of the three. This is done at every weather ob, if there is Precip. This is also totaled, for a twenty four hour period and derived from the weather obs. and the form 1-10's. antarctic, meteorology, atmosphere, temperature, pressure, wind, precipitation ascii with standard header online lter daily8999 monthly7498temp Karen S. Baker Karen S. Baker NSF sponsored routine data collection on station by station personnel under the supervision of Antarctic Services Association (ASA). ASA science/communication/medical representatives are in charge of Palmer Station weather collection. NSF/OPP Consultants karen@crseo.ucsb.edu 1999 annually

Datafile Form V1.4 for describing a data file.