93Jan PD93-01: Annual cruise 05jan93-08feb93 Austral summer LTER time-series cruise carried out in three phases. Phase I covered the standard transect lines 600 and 500. Phase II was composed of a fast and slow grid for sampling bird foraging area within 50 km of Palmer. Phase III covered the standard transect lines 400, 300 and 200. Phase I (8 Jan to 18 Jan - 10 days) was a survey of the Palmer (600) and Renaud (500) transect lines and included the following standard measurements: optics, hydrography, microbial loop measurements, plant pigments, primary production and physiology, acoustic surveys and net tows for zooplankton, krill and fish (3 nets). There were two, inshore and offshore, stations for physiology with diel productivity observations and targeted tows for krill for spawning frequency experiments. The Palmer finescale grid (stations B-J) were sampled on Jan 7 and Jan 17. Phase II (18 Jan to 25 Jan - 8 days) joined by Wayne Trivelpiece and Bill Fraser (drop Diem & Seydell) for intensive samplinig of the Palmer Basin and nearshore marine environments. This area is hypothesized to be the foraging area important the ecology of South Polar Skuas and Adelie Penguins breeding in the vicinity of Palmer Station and our sampling strategy was designed to investigate the abundance and distribution of birds (and associated biological & nutrient distributions and physical hydrography) within this foraginig area. Sampling included a "fast track" with a 10km spacing and a "slow track" with a 20km spacing within a 50km by 50km grid west south west of palmer station. Surveys inicluded simultaneous observations of: seabird census, acoustics (krill), surface chlorophyll, temperature and salinity. Station observations included: BOPS (20km grid) or XBT (10km grid) and net tows. Phase III (25 Jan to 8 Feb - 14 days) surveyed the Adelaide (400), Watkins (300) Island and Rothera (200) transect lines as for Phase I. The back side of Biscoe Islands were then surveyed for larval fish (1m net) hypothesized to be important for the Skuas. Palmer finescale grid (B-J) were sampled on 26 Jan and 8 Feb so as to maintain continunity of the Palmer nearshore sampling program. Work was done on using the R/V Polar Duke PD93-1. Langdon Quetin served as chief scientist. Phases I & III standard "transect" sampling speed, typically 4 to 5 hrs between stations (ie 5 to 6 stations per day) using 20km grid for BOPS with XBT between stations (10km grid). Station sampling included: BOPS, phytoplankton productivity, krill observations as listed above. Phase II included a fast track with a nearshore 10km grid and an offshore 20km grid that included: bird census and biosonics observations plus water samples for surface chl and XBT's. The "slow grid" included BOPS stations on a 20km grid. Sampling West Coast of Antarctic Peninsula including near Palmer and LTER grid. Palmer stations: B-J*4 PHASEI(8-17January): 600 grid line; diels PHASEIIfast(18-20January): HD 70kmx70km PHASEIIslow(22-26January): HD 70kmx70km PHASEIII(26January-7February): 400, 300, 200, 100 grid lines; diels Open ocean, relatively little to no sea ice, some bergs. See LTER general information. Rapid shipboard sampling within the large scale LTER grid and the "close grid" within 50km of Palmer station. See individual data sets. Core measurments available two years after the cruise. Citation acknowledgement: "Data from the Palmer LTER data archive were supported by Office of Polar Programs, NSF (OPP-9011927)." antarctic, southern ocean, bio-optics, phytoplankton, krill, marginal ice zone ~lter/data/93jan/* Lascara CM, LB Quetin and RM Ross, 1993. Palmer LTER: Krill Distribution and Biomass within Coastal Waters Near Palmer Station. ANtarctic Journal of the United Statess 28(5): 214-217. Lascara CM, EE Hofmann, RM Ross, and LB Quetin, 1993. Palmer LTER: Overview of Krill Acoustic Studies and Results from the Antarctic Peninsula Grid. Antarctic Journal of the United States 28(5):212-214. Lascara CM, RC Smith, D Menzies, KS Baker: Oceano- graphic data collected aboard RV Polar Duke January- February 1993. CCPO Technical Report No. 93-02, Crit- tenton Hall, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529. 1993. SIO Reference No. 93-41. Lascara CM, RC Smith, D Menzies: XBT Data Collected Aboard RV Polar Duke January-February 1993. CCPO Technical Report No. 93-03, Crittenton Hall, Old Domin- ion University, Norfolk, VA 23529. 1993. SIO Refer- ence No. 93-42. National Science Foundation, Division of Polar Programs 11June93 07dec93-ksb 04nov94-rcs/ksb Raymond C. Smith Robin M. Ross Langdon B. Quetin

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